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磁场热处理对固态相变的影响(二）

2014-01-17 08:12:49

来源：河南感应加热设备有限公司

标签：公司动态

4.磁场热处理对材料性能的影响

在热处理过程中，施加磁场能改变材料的微观组织结构因而能有效的改善材料的性能，磁场热处理能加速相变过程，在实际生产中，具有降低生产成本和缩短生产周期，提高生产效率等优点。

含碳量0.01的碳钢由奥氏体向珠光体转变过程中施加梯度磁场，转变温度为560℃时，含Mn或Cr原子的碳钢硬度与磁场梯度成正比。当磁场梯度为50T/m时，硬度提高了8%，硬度提高的主要原因不是磁力的作用而与钢的成分有关。在梯度磁场中退火温度为150℃~200℃时，硬度达到峰值。通过透射电镜的观察和内耗的测量得出在梯度磁场下，过饱和碳原子进入珠光体相的铁素体层。因此，通过淬火使多余的碳原子与Mn或Cr原子结合而达到固溶强化和时效强化的目的^[53]。

Fe-xC-1.5%Mn合金(x=0.1，0.2，0.3)在强磁场作用下，采用热膨胀法测量连续冷却过程中磁场对铁素体/奥氏体+珠光体相变温度的影响，随着钢中碳含量的增加，即x=0.1，0.2，0.3，A_r3的温度成线性增大了2.2，2.4和2.7K/T。A_r1温度提高了2.5K/T^[26]。通过微观组织分析得到随着磁场强度的提高铁素体的面积分数随之增大，如图7(a)所示；而韦氏硬度值则成比例减小，含碳量越高，减小的程度越大，如图7(b)所示。

5. 结论

近年来固态相变的报道很多，但大部分都是关于铁基合金的固态相变，而关于磁场对镍基高温合金固态相变影响的报道很少，可以从几个方面进行研究：

(Ⅰ)磁场热处理对镍基高温合金组织的影响，其中包括对强化相γ￠、共晶组织γ+γ￠以及碳化物的形貌和含量的影响。

(Ⅱ)磁场热处理对镍基高温合金性能的影响，可以通过硬度测试和力学测试进行分析。

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